PAPER
International Legislative Frameworks, policies guiding policing

PAPER
International Legislative Frameworks, policies guiding policing
Challenges faced by women in the workplace

Asaph M Moshikaro is an organisational behaviour expert and acts as a management consultant on human capital interventions, leadership development, research and development, organisational culture and emotional IQ skills to various organisations and institutions in Southern Africa. He is also a nationally recognised social scientist, and entrepreneur. He is a part-time lecturer at the Graduate School of Business Leadership of the University of South Africa and a research supervisor for their MBL students. He is a contracted facilitator at The School of Government. He acquired the following qualifications: Diploma in Strategic Management (USA); Diploma in Labour Relations (Unisa); B A (SS) SA; B Com Hons, (Stell); MBA (Stell). He submitted his Doctor of Administration degree thesis for examination.

Stanley’s academic and professional qualifications, obtained both in South Africa and the United States of America, include the following:

Master of Science (MSc) Degree (Industrial and Organisation Psychology)
Bachelor of Science (BSc) Honours Degree
Post-Graduate Certificate in Human Resources Development

Stanley Isaac Bongwe, Founder and Director of The Diversity Institute (Pty) Ltd, a specialist 20 year old firm based in Johannesburg, South Africa, can undoubtedly be regarded as one of the most experienced diversity consultants in South Africa.  Stanley founded and led The Diversity Institute to become one of the flagship consulting and training institutes in the field of human and workforce diversity management in South Africa.  Over two decades the company has served a wide range of South African and multinational organisations. Stanley is also the author of the bestselling book 100 Lessons in Diversity – Learning about yourself and others, which has sold over 25,000 copies. His professional background here at home and abroad, before stepping into the field of diversity consultancy and training spans over several years in petrochemicals production, management and human resources development.

Abstract:
Human diversity in general and workforce diversity in particular present both challenges and opportunities for individuals, organisational leaders, work teams, organisations and society.  Maximising the advantages of diversity and minimising its potential disadvantages require, first and foremost, that the concept of diversity and the practice of diversity management be correctly defined and demystified.  This presentation will address the concept and practice within the contexts of the socialisation process, inputs and outputs, team work and collaboration, service delivery and customer service, as well as leadership in the changing world of work.  Furthermore, the presentation will unpack universal principles in diversity and their application in dealing effectively with local diversity dynamics.  It will also highlight, in a constructive and educational spirit, our own hidden biases that impact decision-making, problem-solving, creativity and innovation in today’ diverse landscape.  Finally,  the presentation will visit key motivational themes that would provide holistic perspectives that are aimed at unleashing winning work behaviours for one’s own career success.

Lt General (Dr) Zulu – (No Profile )

Susan is the General Manager of the Information Hub at SABRIC, a non-profit company mandated to support the banking industry in South Africa in their fight against organised crime. She leads a team of analysts who provide  member banks with crime risk information and products aimed at preventing and detecting crime risk within their own operations and who also support law enforcement with bank related threat information.  Over the years Susan has been instrumental in visioning and implementing an array of interbank crime combating initiatives of which the establishment of the banking sector CSIRT and the roll out of a biometric verification solution by the banks in partnership with the Department of Homes Affairs in South Africa, are noteworthy examples.  An attorney by profession, Susan has worked with the banking industry in various capacities for over 24 years. 
She currently serves on the E-Commerce Advisory Committee to the Minister of Finance, The BRICS Expert Group on Cybersecurity and is a regular speaker at conferences.



Professional and academic qualifications include:

• B.Proc
• LLB.
• LLM in Corporate Law
• Advanced Diploma in Banking
• Certificate in Money Laundering Control

Paper
The presentation will entail card fraud and ATM related modus operandi as well as schemes and scams that bank customers fall victim to.  It will also address internet banking fraud, subject time.

PhD (Management)
Professor of Information Communications and Technology
Joined the University of the Western Cape in 2007 after spending 22 years in the corporate world as an Information Technology specialist, and thereafter I joined UNISA in 2013. In the last six and a half years, I have produced over 20 peer-reviewed articles, two books and presently 9 articles under review in accredited journals.  My career as an information professional has included a focus on the relationship between information and business science, retail science, and education.  I believe in reflective and empirical evidence-based practices. Thus, I have been active in research involving information use and instruction from my perspective as an ICT professor. During my PhD studies, time allowed me to extend these interests to focus on the use of computers in secondary education as well.
My career as an information technology professional has two clear focal areas: on the relationship between information technology and businesses, and on the use of information technology in secondary school education.  These two areas by no means detract from my dedicated research in Information Technology, but rather enhance it. Most businesses are overwhelmed with an array of technological tools that have become available to them in order to remain competitive. The manner in which these two areas are fused is that information technology plays a vital role in the technologies being used in secondary schools to improve education and information technology should be used as a vehicle to enhance business competitiveness.

PAPER
My career as an information technology professional has two clear focal areas: on the relationship between information technology
and businesses, and on the use of information technology in secondary school education.  These two areas by no means detract
from my dedicated research in Information Technology, but rather enhance it. Most businesses are overwhelmed with an array of
technological tools that have become available to them in order to remain competitive. The manner in which these two areas are
fused is that information technology plays a vital role in the technologies being used in secondary schools to improve education and
information technology should be used as a vehicle to enhance business competitiveness.

My research foci in the business space are innovation and technology, retail systems, business intelligence, cybercrime  and competitive intelligence which are all connected to real life applications to the business world. I am interested in defining a new avenue of research related to the use of distributed computing in personal, social, and institutional environments. Through this analysis my research seeks to further understand the slow paced characteristics of South Africa's digital economy from a technological viewpoint, both in businesses and in secondary schools.

Ozias Ncube is a Senior Lecturer in Supply Chain Management at the Graduate School of Business Leadership, SBL, University of South Africa.
He holds an MSc in Mathematical Modelling, and a BSc(Hon) in Applied Mathematics. He is in the process of completing his PhD in Industrial Systems at University of Pretoria, specializing in supply chain management.
A supply chain management specialist and operations researcher with a vast experience in project management, supply chain management (including procurement, logistics and operations management), quantitative analysis, operations research and business processes. More than 10 years practical experience in these areas and the following: quantitative modelling, statistical analysis and modelling. With more than 30 MBL research supervision to completion with topics ranging from procurement, logistics and general supply chain competitiveness, including project management. He has published widely in local and international journals, and presented more than 30 papers in local and international conferences on the subject of supply chain management, procurement and logistics. A brief profile of the pese presentations include

PAPER
In this presentation service delivery is unpacked. In particular the idea of “service” to heterogeneous society within different expectations and measures of satisfaction is analysed comprehensively. Once unpacked, the implications for this understanding of service to professional police is assessed. In particular reflections on processes, standards and management systems are explored from a police environment perspective. Consequently a few considerations are proposed for the police to influence the its environment to be “service delivery” oriented. In conclusion, a few open questions are posed that are meant to stimulate debate and influence the discussions during the workshop.

Professor Nicolaides serves at the Graduate School of Business Leadership of the University of South Africa and is a member of the IIPE (International Institute for Public Ethics) as well as the Ethics Institute of South Africa (EthicsSA). He is also a member of SAIMS (Institute of Management Scientists), a Senior Member South African Quality Institute (SAQI), a member of the Southern African Society for Quality (SASQ) and the  SABPP (Master HR Practitioner-Education and Training) and consults with both SMMEs and Corporations. He serves on the editorial boards of a number of international journals.

PAPER
This presentation  will  address   issues  of  ethics  and its application , application of governance  principles, this includes  practical examples  and  managing  public  perceptionin  This training  programme  looks at the issue of police ethics and focuses on the ethical standards of front line police officers, considering the amount of discretionary power latently exercised by every police officer. What is it that they should be trained in from an ethics perspective and why? Key words:  ethics, misconduct, police corruption, leadership, ethics codes.

Zoya Mabuto is a Professional Speaker, Public Speaking Coach and Communications Consultant.
She is the current Toastmasters International Public Speaking Champion for Southern Africa (2015) and has recently returned from Las Vegas, Nevada, where she represented Southern Africa at the World Championships of Public Speaking. 

Her recent highlights include:

One of the main speakers at  a Rotary Youth Leadership Conference – (October 2015 – East London)
Speaker at Toastmasters International Ubuntu Conference – (October 2015 –East London)
Representing Southern Africa at the World championships of Public Speaking in Las Vegas, Nevada (August 2015)
Southern African Toastmasters Public Speaking Champion (May 2015)
Presenting a Personal Branding Workshop for delegates at the ‘Women in Water’ Conference hosted by Amabhubesi Conference & Training Centre  (May 2015)
Accredited to facilitate ‘Purposeful Team’ – an Organisational Design intervention for teams; Worldsview Academy (April 2015)
Chairlady of the “Women in Transport” and ‘Women in Water” Conferences hosted by Amabhubesi Conference & Training Centre (March & May 2015)
A feature in the DreamFactory initiative – www.dreamfactoryshow.com  (Feb 2015) Editing her 1st book, a work of fiction, ‘FIFTEEN,’ by Loyiso Gura (February 2015) Voice-over artist for True Love TV adverts (Jan 2015 to date)
Conducting monthly Personal Branding Workshops for women 

Speaker
She has had extensive speaking engagements ranging from delivering talks at various public and private entities to MCíng events, delivering keynote addresses and hosting Personal Branding and Public Speaking workshops.

Her Professional Speaking offering is aimed specifically at women on the African continent. She uses her speaking ability to tell stories of hope and drive home positive messages about Africa and the role of women, as leaders, towards the development of the continent. She speaks on Leadership. She is currently embarking on a tour to share her story of success to No 1 in Southern Africa. She tells how she competed with over 600 contestants from 9 countries to reach the top spot. She hopes to inspire with her story of determination, courage and hard work to pursue their dreams. 

She is a member of Toastmasters International and has successfully completed her Competent Communicator.

Coach

She is also a Speaker Coach and offers a 12-week intensive week-on-week speaking development programme to individuals or groups in companies wishing to develop/improve their spoken communication skills. 

Communications Consultant
Her background in Communications, Marketing and Public Relations has served her well in terms of understanding communications holistically and her communication skills include:
Communication strategy,
Online and offline communications,
Writing (business and creative),
Copy editing,

Paper
The aim of this course is to provide delegates with the opportunity to improve and develop their effective business and public communication skills. During the course, delegates will learn how to confidently and effectively communicate with others. This will be achieved by, amongst others, allowing participants to “learn by doing” prepared speeches, a business presentation, evaluations and participating in group discussions on an impromptu basis.

During a Speechcraft program delegates will:

• Improve communication and presentation skills so that they are less afraid to talk in front of other people
• Prepare a number of speeches in quick succession
• Find that improved presentations skills will be noticed and make a difference to their work performance
• Benefit because participation in a Speechcraft course will increase their management potential

National Diploma in Police Administration- 1996
Lt Colonel Niemand is currently placed at the Gauteng Provincial FCS Investigation Unit and is responsible for the investigation of serial rape and child pornography cases.
During June 2012 Lt Colonel Niemand attended a course in the Paarl, which was presented by the Kids Internet Safety Alliance (KINSA) which is based in Canada and was thereafter invited by KINSA to attend further training sessions in South Africa as a presenter in order to share her expertise, experiences and best practices.
During July 2014 Lt Col Niemand attend a Violent Crimes against Children training session in the United States of America. After successfully completing the training Lt Colonel Niemand became a member as well as the only South African representative of The Violent Crimes against Children International Task Force (VCACITF).
The internet has brought the world to our children’s fingertips providing access to vast resources of information and the opportunity to communicate with people from around the world. Smart devices and social media have become part of our children’s lives and they have strongly influenced how our children create, share or exchange information with others. Unfortunately the same devices and applications have been embraced by sex offenders, who have proven to be skilled to gain access to children. Heinous, horrendous and malicious sexual crimes against children happen every second of everyday around the country, moving South Africa’s social history towards being nothing more than a catalogue of child sexual abuse and exploitation. Infarct, given that children are struggling to live normally in an emotionally, physically and psychologically-toxic social environment in a society where social consensus against intergenerational sex is fast disappearing from its culture. South Africa seems to have moved from being a racial apartheid state (for segregation and discrimination on the grounds of race) to a child sexual apartheid state (on the grounds of the sexual abuse and exploitation of children).

Nonkosi Makhosana Ncube is a Commissioner of the Zimbabwe Republic Police responsible for Human Resources. She is a rare breed of women and has selflessly dedicated more than three decades of her life to an illustrious policing career. She is a gracious bridge-builder, a team player, a mentor, a respectful and virtuous woman and a lovely mother who is determined to advance the girl child, to press forward the emancipation of women and overally, the well-being of society in general.

A revered and decorated veteran of Zimbabwe’s liberation struggle Commissioner Ncube, undoubtedly made selfless sacrifices and heroic contributions towards unshackling the country from the yoke of colonial bondage. Upon the country’s Independence she was attested into the Zimbabwe Republic Police as a Constable on the 30th of December 1980.

Through hard work and her passion for the police work, she progressively rose through the ranks to become an accomplished leader she is today, decorated with numerous accolades and commendations, key among them;

• Liberation Medal [LM] – [Bronze],
• Zimbabwe Independence Medal  (ZIM),
• First Bar to the Police Long and Exemplary Service Medal,
• Second Bar to the Police Long and Exemplary Service Medal,
• Service Medal [SM]

Commissioner Ncube had a stint in Criminal Investigations Department and posses unquestionable investigative skills.

B Tech Degree (Forensic Investigation) currently studying Masters in Forensic Investigation

Mokgadi Bokaba is currently a Brigadier at the SAPS Directorate of Priority Crime Investigations (Hawks) responsible for Financial Investigations. She has previously worked for Standard Bank, Scorpions, SARS and National Prosecuting Authority. History of Money Laundering Legislation- South Africa Stages of Money Laundering Regional bird’s-eye view Way Forward- Financial Investigation Challenges and Best Practice

Brigadier Mkhwanazi

 Degree in Baccalaureus Technology (Policing B-Tech)

ZM Mkhwanazi is a Brigadier in the South African Police Service (SAPS), working under Division Operational Response Services. Brigadier Mkhwanazi is a Section Head for Public order Policing.

M Tech Policing, currently studying  D Litt et Phil
Mpho is a Lecturer at School of Criminal Justice, UNISA since 2009 and has previously served as a Police Captain within the South African Police Service.
The 1994 democratisation of South Africa marked the end of western-centric oppressive rule in Africa.  Post this epoch, Africa under the AU collective, began to seek new ways to reposition itself as a progressive continent.  The one point of departure in this regard was to find solutions to sustainable peace, security and economic growth.  The dawn of the 21st Century was thus recognised globally as the era of the African Renaissance.  The same century has at its genesis, registered some notable successes towards attaining peace and security.  The ending of the wars in Sierra Leone, Liberia and Guinea-Bissau; peace in the DRC after violent elections, although parts of the country remain volatile; and the 2005 return to democracy in Mauritania, are some of the feats.   Despite the achievements, organised crime and terrorism however continue to present problems.  SADC also faces the same challenges.  The lack of resources, poor intelligence, vast geographical areas, borders, coastlines and poor regional policing are some of the contributing factors.  To keep security, one of the key interventions would thus have to include the intensification of studies on the complex interactions between police work, organised crime and terrorism.  For the police, efficiency in dealing with organised crime could never be separated from efficiency in dealing with terrorism.  Terror attacks have resulted in many lives lost and has caused humanitarian crises globally.  The 9/11 attacks on the WTC in 2001, the 2013 Nairobi shopping mall attack, the 2015 Paris satirical magazine attack on staff, the 2015 suicide bombing in Copenhagen, the ongoing killings and displacement of civilians by Boko Haram and al Shabaab in Africa, and the public beheadings by ISIS in some parts of Asia, attest to the horrors.  To keep security, SADC needs to proactively guard against terror activities overflowing into the region.  Thus, regional powers need to commit more resources, increase political will towards law enforcement, and adapt to innovative policing approaches.

B-Tech Policing degree at the Technikon SA. Currently studying M-Tech:  Forensic Investigation and Intelligence: UNISA
Maj Gen LE Ntshinga is the Provincial Head: Directorate for Priority Crime Investigation (DPCI). Chairperson of a Strategic Team on Trafficking in Persons at SARPCCO level and is a facilitator of SARPCCO Trafficking in Person training. She was appointed by the Minister of Department of Mineral resources to serve as a board member in the of State Diamond Trader committee. She was also appointed as board member of Precious Metals and Diamond Regulator committee. Maj Gen Ntshinga led the task team for the revival of Organized Crime Treat Analysis (OCTA). She represented South African Police Service in a High Level Thematic Seminars on Regional Integration in New York. She was one of the speakers in the International Association Women Police in Durban, South Africa. She was invited by French Embassy as a speaker in a one day seminar on Trafficking in Persons in the University of Botswana. She was a speaker on human trafficking in SADC conference held in South Africa.
She was invited by US Embassy to be a speaker in a workshop for the Police, Judges, and Customs and Immigration officers regarding Border security in Mozambique.

She was invited as the resource person in a training held by KINSA at PAARL ACADEMY.
She was a guest speaker on the Inaugural World day on Trafficking in Person in Pretoria.
She was also invited as a speaker on human trafficking in the first FCS conference held in Mpumalanga.
She represented South Africa in the XI ICPC Colloquium held in Italy where she presented on Trafficking in Persons and Security Sector Reform.

Trafficking in person is a crime that ruthlessly exploits and women, children and men for numerous purposes, including forced labour and sex. This global crime generates billions of dollars in profits for the traffickers. Every country in the world is affected by trafficking in persons whether as a country of origin, transit, or destination for victims. Trafficking in Person is not only one of the fastest growing criminal activities in the world but a serious violation of human rights, in particular of women and girls.
Trafficking in Persons requires a forceful response funded on the United Nations Conventions against Transnational Organised Crime and its protocol to prevent, suppress and punish Trafficking in Person, especially women and children. Efforts to prevent and combat this crime should be centered on assistance to victims and promotion and protection of their rights while strengthening the criminal justice response and increasing cooperation and coordination.

AIM
This paper will address the differential impacts of Trafficking in Person on women, children and men.
The challenges and plight of victims of Trafficking in Persons.
The challenges in developing prevention policies and lack of such policies and examples of positive developments in various parts of the region.

Honours: Police Science (Unisa)
Section Commander: Operations: Family Violence, Child Protection and Sexual Offences Investigations, Detective Service, Head Office She served at the SA Narcotics Bureau (SANAB) (Vereeniging district) during February 1979 to June 1984. During this period, she also investigated several cases of crimes against women and children as a Sergeant, Warrant Officer and Lieutenant. She was appointed as the first female commissioned officer in 1983 in the Vereeniging district.
She was a lecturer at Advanced Training, SA Police College, Pretoria West, from July 1984 to January 1989. She contributed to the development of the training material and presented lectures to detectives and candidate officers.
She joined the former Child Protection Unit (CPU), Pretoria, in February 1989 and was later appointed as the national commander (February 1992 - January 2010). She was instrumental in the transformation of the CPU into the Family Violence, Child Protection and Sexual Offences Unit (FCS) in 1995. She has also assisted several other police agencies in Africa to establish similar units. She is still attached to Family Violence, Child Protection and Sexual Offences Investigations, Detective Service, Head Office.
She has represented the SA Police Service on a several local, national and international forums, for example the National Child Abuse and Neglect Committee, Committees on drafting of legislation (domestic violence, sexual offences, child justice, child pornography, children, etc), South African Law Reform Commission’s (SALRC) Advisory Committee on Sexual Offences (Pornography and Children (Project 107), Interpol Specialist Group on Crimes against Children, SADC and SARPCCO  Gender Based Violence, etc She has contributed to the development of several training courses and lectures. It includes SAPS courses (former Candidate Officer’s Course, former Child Protection Course, the FCS Detective Learning Programme, Integrated Approach to Sexual Offences, Domestic Violence, Investigation of Child Pornography, Detectives Courses, etc), international courses (SARPCCO Gender Based Violence, Interpol Handbook for Officers Dealing with Crimes Against Children and  the Police Diploma (Investigation of Crime) (former Technikon RSA, now integrated – Unisa).

She has presented papers at more than 150 national and international congresses, conferences and workshops. She has contributed to several national and international publications (books, articles, media reports). She has received several commendations over the past 39.5 years, for example the “Service Excellence Award” for exceptional leadership in the fight against women and children from Matla-a-Bana (NGO).

Introduction

This presentation will focus on the following aspects:

• International Obligations
• National Obligations
• Policing of the relevant crimes.

Ms Zandile Mnisi is the Deputy National Head of the Domestic Violence and Child Protection unit and holds the rank of Superintendent in the Royal Swaziland Police Service. The Unit is responsible for investigation of all cases of domestic violence which include Rape, Indecent Assault, Incest and other Gender based Violence cases and further provides victim support.
She is a holder of a Diploma in Law obtained from the University of Swaziland and also a Diploma in Human Resource Management from the Institute of Development Management from the Kingdom of Swaziland. Apart from the above academic qualifications Ms Mnisi has attended a host of courses and workshops and Conferences throughout her career ranging from Child Protection Investigators Course, SARPCCO Policing Violence Against Women and Children, SARPCCO Human Trafficking Courses, Human Rights and Policing Course, Workshops on HIV/AIDS and Conferences relating to Combatting Violence Against Women and Children.

1998 Masters Degree in Public Administration at University of Stellenbosch. Majored in Police Management, Policy Analysis and Organisational
28 June 2013 to 27 June 2015 served as Police Commissioner for Policy and Planning in the African Union United Nations Hybrid Mission in Darfur (UNAMID). (First Female Police Commissioner in a Peacekeeping Mission)
25 June 2010 to 24 June 2011 served as Deputy Police Commissioner for Policy and Planning in the African Union United Nations Hybrid Mission in Darfur (UNAMID). Currently serve on the African Union Police Strategic Support Group and is the Team Leader for the development of AU Statute, Policy, Guidelines and SOPs for Peace Support and International Policing within the African Union

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21. INTERNATIONAL RESENTATIONS

October 2014:           Speaker and Moderator on topics related to Management and Control of Policing in Peacekeeping at UN
 Police Strategic Framework Conference in Pretoria, South Africa

April 2014:                 Speaker on Training and Capacity Building of Police in Peacekeeping at UN Police Strategic Framework
Conference in Oslo, Norway

November 2013:       Speaker on Policing in Peacekeeping at Conference in New York.

November 2013:       Speaker on Gender Perspective in Peacekeeping in New York

September 2013:      Speaker and Moderator on topics of Women in Peacekeeping at IAWP Conference in Durban, South Africa.

April 2011:                 Speaker on Protection of Civilians with a focus on Policing in New Delhi, India during International Conference
in April 2011 on the Future of Peacekeeping

PAPER

The –presentation will Cyber the following:
Changes in the peacekeeping environment
Developments in the united nations
Developments in the African union (au)
Roles and responsibilities of women in peace support and international policing

Kwezi Mngqibisa is the Coordinator of the Somalia Initiative at the African Centre for the Constructive Resolution of Disputes (ACCORD).  Kwezi joined ACCORD in 1999 from the University of the Western Cape and the then Rand Afrikaans University for studies in Public Administration and Politics.  He has worked in the organization’s Peacekeeping Unit and Interventions Department.  He has worked on the organization’s interventions in Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, South Sudan, Somalia and others.  His areas of expertise include research, policy development and capacity building for dialogue.  He has been part of ACCORD collaboration with mediation and facilitation efforts of the South African government, the African Union and the United Nations. 

PAPER
In an effort to respond to Africa’s economic, political, governance and social challenges, the African Union devised Vision 2063.  The vision seeks to mobilize and harmonize initiatives found within African countries and regions towards tangible programmes.  The most pressing challenge is how to decisively deal with conflicts.  The presentation will outline the continental conflict perspective covering major causes and trends.  Secondly it will look at continental response capacities by assessing their effectiveness.  The presentation will show how conventional frameworks/responses have limitations as they are mostly state driven (track one). Further it will seek to locate the role of women, as part of civils society responses during peace making and building.  Various case studies will be shared on lessons learned on gender mainstreaming initiatives gender in peace making and building.

B TECH: POLICING
Unisa
PROVINCIAL COMMANDER –Specific Crime Investigations-North West Province

EXPERIENCE
Vast experience gained in the investigation of Stock Theft and related cases as well as Organised Crime cases.
Managing and control of different Investigation units within the SAPS.
Training of investigators on request at several venues, units and training of clients such as livestock owners at the North West Red Meat Organization by way of presentations, in combatting, prevention and investigation of stock theft.
Appointed as Acting Provincial Head of the Detective Service in North West Province.
Involved in the writing of the new North West Animal Pounds Act, Act 7/2010.

Challenges faces by Stock theft Units
Lack of municipal /state owned pound in SA
Lack of legislations or By laws to regulate the speculators  for buying stock from the villages
Cross Border fences between two countries RSA and Botswana are not in good conditions  and as a results of that Animal Diseases might be brought  to either one country or the other.
Many stray stock animal from other e.g Botswana have been recovered in South Africa and it seems as if farmers of SA and other countries  do not look or take care of their stock .
Failure to brand mark or tattoo of the stock by the farmers leads to impoundment of that stock.

Recommendations
The Department of Agriculture should upgrade  the border fences, maintain them properly in order to prevent  the live stock from entering SA VISA VERSA.
Relationship between SA and other SARPCOO countries need to be retained
Border patrols on both sides of the border should be increased.
Regular cross border meetings between policing agencies should take place in order to share information and to plan operations

National Diploma- Policing :University of SA  (Unisa)

Section Commander: International Vehicle Crime Investigation, Specific Crime Investigations, Detective Service, Head Office
He is Detective with 22 years’ service as a police official and has been dealing with vehicle related crimes for 17 years. He started his investigation duties at Eersterust police station as a general detective. He was confronted with property related crimes where most of the property involved was a vehicle. He achieved a lot of convictions on cases where a stolen vehicle was recovered and the arrested person could be linked to the original theft. His dedication and commitment did not go unnoticed, the area head of detectives, transferred him to join the then vehicle crime investigation unit which was affectionately known as “voertuigtak:

He performed very exceptional that his commander moved him to the vehicle clearance office where he was responsible for the issuing of import and export clearances on vehicles. Head office vehicle crime support identified his capabilities and caused him to join their team as a commissioned officer who was responsible to investigate corruption, complaints against the police and manage the systems. Organized crime head office enlisted his skills through a promotion process and he joined International vehicle crime investigation where he stated interacting with INTERPOL/SARPCCO member countries. He is the SAPS liaison officer on vehicle crime related matters, trainer for vehicle identification, member of INTERPOL FORMATRAIN WORKING GROUP, member of International Association of Auto Theft Investigators (IAATI)

PAPER
Theft of motor vehicles by people who intend to make profit out of them, the movements of motor vehicles across national borders into other countries suggest that theft of motor vehicles is a transnational organised crime. Criminals do not respect geographical borders when committing vehicle crime, they operate in a borderless world while the law enforcement agencies are significantly constrained by having to operate in a bordered world.

Unscrupulous border officials and inefficient law enforcement assists the criminals in continuing with their trans border criminal activities.A motor vehicle appears to be the most targeted  commodity in South Africa because it is considered as the largest investment which an average household will make. Not forgetting that this crime is closely intertwined with trafficking in human beings and human organs, drugs, firearms, counterfeit goods, illegal cigarettes and other trans national crimes. It is also regarded as a forerunner of other forms of violent crimes and is a hidden tax that increases the cost-of-living for everyone.

Cross border vehicle crime causes financial losses to the victims and expenditures on police investigation. Transnational Organised Crime syndicates acquire trillions of Rands as proceeds from the sale of stolen vehicles

INTERVENTIONS
The fight against transnational organised vehicle crime should adopt a multi-disciplinary approach, a collaborative and dedicated partnerships at all levels of the private and public sectors. 
Conduct regular road blocks.
Share information with everyone with a need to know.
Revisit current training interventions.
Procure latest technology and equipment that can be used to fight and dismantle organised crime groups.

B.IURIS and LLB degrees obtained from UNITRA. In 2007 she further acquired a diploma in Advanced Management cum laude at MANCOSA.

is the Head of the Promotion of the Rights of Vulnerable Groups Unit in the Department of Justice and Constitutional Development. She joined the Department in October 2010. Her Unit is primarily mandated to establish and maintain a transformed and accessible justice system that promotes the rights of women, children, older persons, and persons with disabilities. Through initiatives, her unit is tasked with the national implementation of legislation and policies relating to the promotion and protection of the rights of vulnerable groups.

After the recorded success of the Wynberg Sexual Offences Court, in 1999 Adv Kambula was tasked by the National Prosecuting Authority (NPA) to initiate the roll-out of these courts in the country, and under her leadership, the second Sexual Offences Court was established in Mdantsane, EC during the same year. Her commitment to the fight against sexual violence became more momentous when she recently headed the Ministerial Task Team on Sexual Offences Courts, which the Minister of Justice and Constitutional Development established in 2012. Under her leadership, this Task Team successfully conducted an investigation into the viability of the re-establishment of Sexual Offences Courts in South Africa, and subsequently advised the Minister to re-establish these courts. Adv Kambula is now tasked by the Department to lead the Sexual Offences Courts Project aimed at concretising the recommendations of the Task Team.

Praise also specialises in the domestic violence field. During 2000 to 2003, she successfully led a team of South African and Canadian writers who wrote the very first Integrated Domestic Violence Training Manual Package. This work has now been adopted by a number of African countries. Her compassion to the disadvantaged yielded into the birth of the Ndabezitha Programme in 2005, which she developed and led whilst she was employed at NPA. This Programme is a rural-based intervention that seeks to end cultural practices leading to domestic violence. It is a national programme that involves traditional leaders, and is still moving strong. In 2010, Adv Kambula authored the ‘My Safety Plan’ booklet aimed at encouraging the victims of domestic violence to take precautionary steps to escape from the violent attacks unharmed. This initiative seeks to reduce the rate of domestic homicides in the country, and it was launched by the Department of Justice and Constitutional Development in 2013.
In her career, Adv Kambula has delivered papers both at national and international platforms and has participated in many media interventions on issues related to gender-based violence. In her spare time, she takes pride in serving her community as a pastor